Circulating Metabolic Hormones During the Peripubertal Period and Their Association with Testicular Development in Bulls

The objective of the present study was to characterize changes in serum metabolic hormones concentrations from 20 weeks before to 20 weeks post-puberty in bulls and to investigate the associations of metabolic hormones concentrations with testicular development. Leptin concentrations increased from 16 weeks before puberty to 8 weeks post-puberty and insulin concentrations increased from puberty to 8 weeks post-puberty. Growth hormone concentrations decreased after 4 weeks post-puberty, whereas IGF-I concentrations increased from 8 weeks before puberty to 8 weeks post-puberty. During this period, testicular growth was accelerated and testosterone secretion increased substantially, without any significant changes in gonadotropin secretion. Monthly circulating concentrations of leptin, IGF-I and insulin accounted for 63% of the variation in scrotal circumference and 59% of the variation in paired testes volume. In conclusion, the secretion of metabolic hormones was not associated with changes in gonadotropins concentrations. Furthermore, the associations of leptin, IGF-I and insulin concentrations with testes size indicated that these hormones might be involved in a gonadotropin-independent mechanism regulating the testicular development in peripubertal bulls.     

Canine hip dysplasia radiographic screening. Prevalence of rotation of the pelvis along its length axis in 7,012 conventional hip extended radiographs.

The prevalence of rotation of the pelvis along its length axis was noted, as was the number of rotations towards the right or left hand side of the dog, on 7,012 conventional hip extended radiographs, which were sent for official screening. 29.8% of the radiographs showed a rotation the pelvis. The rotation was statistically more frequent towards the left hand side of the dog. The number of rejected radiographs for too important pelvis rotation was only 5.2%. The consequences of the pelvis rotation on the Norberg-Olsson angle, on the dorsal femoral head coverage, and in the aspect of cranial acetabular edge have to be taken into account when scoring the dog for hip dysplasia.     

Libri Novi

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Dormine et phenomenes de dormance

Résumé La dormance des bourgeons d'arbres, des tubercules comme la pomme de terre, des graines de fruits charnus, la chute des feuilles à l'automne, dépendent d'un acide cétonique nommé dormine ou abscisine II, apparenté à l'acide farnésinique, aux caroténoïdes oxygénés du type foliaxanthol (synonyme de néoxanthol).

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Summary The winter dormancy of treebuds, the rest period of tubers like potato tubers, the dormancy of the berry seeds, the leaf abscission in autumn, response to a ketoacid, the dormin or abscisin II, related to farnesinic acid, and to oxygenated carotenoids, as foliaxanthin (neoxanthin).

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Zusammenfassung Die Winterruhe der Baumknospen, der Knollen z.B. der Kartoffel, der Samen der Beerenfrüchte, das Abfallen der Blätter im Herbst, sind durch eine Keto-Säure bedingt, Dormin oder Abscisin II genannt, die der Farnesinsäure und den sauerstoffhaltigen Carotinoïden, vom Typus des Foliaxanthins (gleich Neoxanthins) nahe verwandt ist.

     

Canine elbow dysplasia and primary lesions in German shepherd dogs in France

Five hundred and twenty German shepherd dogs were screened for elbow dysplasia. The following primary lesions were analysed: joint incongruity (JI), fragmented medial coronoid process (FCP), osteochondrosis or osteochondritis of the medial humeral condyle and ununited anconeal process (UAP). Three radiographic views were used for each joint to achieve a definitive diagnosis. The prevalence of elbow dysplasia was 19.4 per cent. The most frequent lesion was JI (16.3 per cent), followed by FCP (11.3 per cent). UAP was diagnosed rarely (1.1 per cent). Combinations of lesions were very frequent (42.2 per cent of the dysplastic elbows). Although these results may be biased due to prescreening of dogs with UAP, it should be highlighted that JI and FCP occur frequently in German shepherd dogs and are probably the most common primary lesions of elbow dysplasia, although they have been under-reported until now.     

沧州市滨海盐碱区耕层土壤盐分特征

为了解沧州市滨海盐碱区耕层土壤的盐渍化特征,采集三个时期沧州不同地区耕层土壤（0~20 cm）样品,结合样品实验分析,探究土壤盐分特征。结果表明：①沧州滨海盐碱区耕层土壤离子类型多样,检测的八大离子中氯离子、钠离子、硫酸根、碳酸根+碳酸氢根离子为主要盐分离子,土壤类型为硫酸盐-氯化物型。②相关分析表明,耕层土样中总含盐量与氯离子和钠离子均存在显著或极显著相关关系,沧州市滨海盐碱地耕层土壤的总含盐量一定程上取决于土壤中氯化钠的含量;氯化钠、氯化镁和氯化钙为氯化物的主要组成部分;主要硫酸盐类为硫酸钠、硫酸镁和硫酸钙。③方差分析表明,三个不同采样时期和不同地区均对沧州市滨海区盐碱地的盐渍化的影响存在显著或极显著差异。④主成分分析表明,钠离子、氯离子、镁离子、钙离子和硫酸根与第1主成分相关性较高;钾离子和碳酸根+碳酸氢根与第2主成分相关性较高;第3主成分主要反映硅酸盐类对土壤离子成分的影响。由于钠离子、氯离子、钙离子和硫酸根在土壤中含量相对较高,是表征沧州滨海盐碱区土壤盐渍化的主要特征因子。